Role Of Health Care Organizations Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(209) in progress and preceding the starting of the arrangement and out of all these remarkable qualities it is the greater part of import to occur out a substantial ground which can legitimize and warrant the interest of such a plan. Medicinal services Organizations. The capacity of health consideration associations is extremely of import in the general wellbeing situation of United States. Wellbeing consideration associations are committed to flexibly extensive health administrations to the patients. We will compose a custom exposition test on Job Of Health Care Organizations Health And Social Care Essay or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now These wellbeing consideration associations offer the types of assistance of specialists, medical attendants, research labs and so forth for the patient. Be that as it may, it has been determined by numerous financial examiners that the wellbeing disbursals in United States will see a continuous surge because of the falling apart monetary conditions and the expanding figure of uninsured individuals. This has constrained the clinics and other human services providing units to limit their disbursals to such a degree, that each resident, conditions holding clinical protection or non, will hold the course to quality social insurance. The limit of disbursals other than influences the staffing of clinics and the vast majority of the hospitals follow the plan of understaffing of their paramedical staff ( Aiken et al. , 2002 ; Unruh, 2003 ) . The specialists of United States so as to gracefully more noteworthy easing and comfort to little worries in the state is craving programs and explaining arrangements to flexibly them wellbeing protections which will conceal to 35 % of an organization ‘s protection premiums. With the contribution of protection expanding up to 59 % this twelvemonth the White House envisions that more than 4 million individuals will have the option to exploit this suitability. Moreover the specialists means to flexibly full income upgrade acknowledgment will be given to bosses who have work power of under 10 representatives who gain not exactly $ 25,000 for every annum. In add-on to this the removal is other than looking frontward towards the retainment of grandfathered health protection programs as it will gracefully managers the unsusceptibility from certain cardinal outgos. Anyway on the impudent side little business networks and National Federation of Independent Business has just made a confederation to restrict and turn over the law which they guarantee does non flexibly them equivalent mitigation and accommodation. The greater part of them state that the qualification guidelines sketched out by the specialists is restricted to the point that numerous representatives will simply be banned from these protection commissariats. Numerous individuals have begun going towards less expensive protection programs through which their month to month protection premium installments will chop down. Effectively 20 areas have joined authorities to restrict the statute that the Obama removal expects to declare. Specialists other than recommend that planning of such Torahs will work unfavorably for the Democrats in the moving toward midterm decisions as it gives a comprehendible sign of their ineptitude and lack of interest towards an inherent segment of the state. Powers of adjustment in US Health consideration framework The health consideration situation of United States of America is adjusting at a fast walk. A few propensities joined in the course of the last barely any decennaries to make more noteworthy health consideration unfairnesss. Both Medicaid and Medicare, for outline, added to forcefully lifting clinical expenses since they required territory authoritiess to repay hospitals and specialists at ‘reasonable ‘ degrees controlled by wellbeing consideration providers. Typically, repayment was extremely liberal and disbursals developed quickly. Such soaring clinical costs, joined with the general dormancy of the monetary framework put health consideration out of range for some Americans. The loss of 1000000s of occupations during the ongoing financial emergency added to the turning figure of individuals without clinical protection. The staying occupations ‘ dynamically nonunion, parcel cut places in the administrations area ‘ offered barely any wellbeing benefits. The advancement and innovation of building in the field of clinical logical control has affirmed gigantic gifts on world. New clinical strengths rose ordinary to palliate a figure of maladies. Pharmaceutical and biomedical organizations work relentlessly to create clinical strengths for such illnesses, which considered as hopeless in the past like Cancer ( Vastag, 1998 ) . US is one of the most medicinally propelled conditions of the universe. Anyone who can bear the cost of or hold the best possible human services inclusion has course to the best accessible clinical building ( Bodenheimer, 2006 ) . Making an interpretation of new designing into design came about more noteworthy per capita human services outgo ( Bodenheimer, 2005 ) . In this way building and innovation in the clinical field is an of import ground for health consideration outgo ( Cutler A ; McClellan, 2001 ) . Blending to the US Bureau of the Census, the quickest turning area of the populace in 1990 was adults and seniors. In the twelvemonth 2000, 36 for every centum of the number of inhabitants in the United States was more than 45 mature ages old, when contrasted with 30.8 per centum in this class in 1980. On the other hand of being youth-situated in the great beyond, the United States will go a senior orientated development. Wellbeing disbursals of an individual increments as their age increases. Nonetheless, specialists accept that the factor of maturing populace contributes tiny in the expansion of wellbeing consideration outgo ( Orszag, 2008 ) . Blending to the informations gave by Organization to Economic Co-activity and Development ( OECD ) , in the twelvemonth 2003 United States spends about 7.3 per centum of its whole wellbeing consideration outgo on regulatory and protection costs when contrasted with Canada which spends only 2.6 % on managerial and protection costs ( Schoen A ; How, 2003 ) . Habitats for Medicare and Medicaid Services ( CMS ) have other than played out some surveies which show that United States regulatory expense for health protection was 14.3 % of its whole wellbeing consideration outgo in 2005 ( Centers for Medicare A ; Medicaid Services, 2005 ) . Despite the fact that the change of US social insurance scene is non limited to these elements simply yet they are a portion of the significant supporters for the persistently adjusting medicinal services scene. Requirement for Health and Well Program The main request that flies in head before planing a wellbeing and wellbeing plan for a private organization is to comprehend the need because of which such an arrangement is being incepted. By designing the interest and justification for the arrangement any partnership can gauge the full issue in more noteworthy thing and infiltration. Moreover various entanglements that can be experienced during the class of the full arrangement can be examined in progress and before the starting of the arrangement and out of all these remarkable attributes it is the vast majority of import to occur out a legitimate ground which can legitimize and warrant the interest of such an arrangement. You read Job Of Health Care Organizations Health And Social Care Essay in classification Article models There are extremely two measurements through which we can happen a discerning record for such wellbeing and wellbeing plans. The grounds can be natural each piece great as oblige business contributions. Natural grounds remember the foreboding impacts of work over-burden for representative health which has become a prima reason for perish for individuals who create imprints and indications of infections like threatening neoplastic malady, chest assault and shot. Because of work accentuation and gigantic weight numerous representatives in their few companies other than build up the wont of smoke. Orchestrating to insights that were distributed in 2004 release of American Medical Journal it was assessed that smoking in the twelvemonth 2000 killed more than 435,000 which flooded from 400,000 in the twelvemonth 1990. The greater part of the casualties of smoking included individuals from various partnerships who occupied with this destructive and dangerous wont because of the outstanding burden that they experienced in their companies. Another truly significant ground which farther irritated the interest of wellbeing plans from associations incorporated the expanding pace of beefiness danger. One of the grounds that were considered responsible for beefiness included inadequacy of physical movement and vivacious practicing since a large portion of the clasp in associations is spend in forepart of figuring machines either making office work or playing computer games on processing machine frameworks. ( Nichols, 2007 ) In add-on to this the rapidly continuously and blasting worry of quick supplement ironss through which individuals can simple purchase and dish supplement has other than demonstrated as an adequate obstruction in loaning any advantage to their effectively pale area of health. It is a plainly comprehended that a crew of individuals who is exorbitantly haggard and exhausted to move their ain weight can non perchance bear the cost of or deal with the obligations and heap of the work that their enterprise furnishes him with and the continuously competitory condition of cutting edge corporate industry does non let any topographic point to representatives who can non show signs of improvement of their exhaustion or meatiness disorder. This truly ground joins itself to the reality where associations in the outcome of exploring their corporate cultural obligations dispatch designs that take into account the wellbeing and strength of their workers under hierarchical conditions. Associations and various organizations in the main part of recognizing another segment of promoting through the CSR factor gave their representatives the actuation of beginning wellbeing and wellbeing plans for them through which they were effectively ready to uplift their level of trust and notoriety among their workers what's more helped their open dealingss by su

Pearl Harbor Attack

Pearl Harbor is situated at Hawaii in the United States of America. This was an army installation of the US military powers during the Second World War. Japan was extremely enthused about overcoming the bigger Asian locale, having effectively smothered China. It had gone into a union with Germany and Italy.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Pearl Harbor Attack explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This collusion shaped the focal force that would battle the unified powers drove by Britain. This nation was perhaps the most grounded country during the Second World War and its pioneers were enthused about affirming their control in Asian locale. The United States of America had taken a position of safety in the war toward the start. It favored providing the two weapons and food to the two sides. This settled it financially, which would later assistance it in fortifying its military. Japan was fatigued of the US and needed to stifle it as it was the main d anger to Japan’s victory. The German warriors persuaded Japan that Britain and France were leveled out. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republicans was all the while recuperating from the German assault. The main danger was the United States of America (Rottman 45). Pressure between the two nations fired structure up in mid 1940s. The two nations were dubious of one another. The US was definitely checking the rate at which Japan was furnishing itself. Japan was likewise mindful that the US was intensely furnished. Japan along these lines chose to assault the US for one principle reason, which was to offer the US a staggering blow that would totally debilitate it from doing battle. They anticipated that after the assault, the US either would be too powerless to even consider joining the war or would be frightened. This would empower their progression to other Asian nations since there couldn't be any danger from significant forces. In 25 November 1941, Japan chose to dispatch it s hostile. It assaulted the US army installation at Pearl Harbor. This was one of the US fundamental army installations situated in Hawaii. This came about to death of more than 2400 Americans and injured around 1300 individuals. A few boats were likewise devastated and the harbor was harmed, however not to an enormous extent.Advertising Looking for article on history? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The US had anticipated such an event yet had not anticipated this sort of harm. The harm would have been more terrible however it was ill-conceived. Moreover, the military quality of the US powers was under-assessed by the Japanese senior authorities. It didn't take a lot to fix the boats and get them back to the ocean. The United States of American reacted to this assault quickly. It was persuaded that Japan was a foe that could never again be expected. They could no longer watch this war from the fence yet needed to go along wit h it effectively. They announced war on Japan. This prompt reason constrained America to join the Second World War formally. This response was normal by German and Italy, which reacted promptly by pronouncing war on the US. In any case, Japan didn't anticipate this inevitability. They anticipated that the US should be frightened implying that it couldn't be in a situation to join the war. The United States of America entered the war for two significant reasons. One of it was to spare its inviting countries, for example, Britain and France, which were under attack. What's more, it needed to respond to the assault on its army installation. In spite of the fact that the US helped in smothering the almighty Germany, its primary objective was Japan. Works Cited Rottman, Gordon. World War 2 Pacific Island Guide. New York: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002. Print. This paper on Pearl Harbor Attack was composed and put together by client Zaniyah Campbell to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

How ADHD and Adderall Make It Tough for Teens to Sleep

How ADHD and Adderall Make It Tough for Teens to Sleep ADHD Living With ADD/ADHD Print How ADHD and Adderall Interfere With Your Teens Sleep By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Updated on January 17, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Tetra Images/Getty Images Sleep issues in children and adolescents with ADHD are a common occurrence. Sometimes prescribed stimulant medications, like Adderall, affect sleep. Other times the restlessness that accompanies ADHD causes difficulty falling asleep. Either way, your son or daughter is likely to experience challenges related to sleep deprivation, which can include lack of focus and mood issues. In the long run, children and teens who are sleep deprived may crash, requiring very long periods of sleep in order to catch up on the rest they need. Whats the key to helping your child to sleep? Your challenge is to find a happy medium between 1) when your childs medication has completely worn off (making him too restless for sleep) and 2) when your childs medication is in effect but still too stimulating for sleep. This process may take some trial and error, but with your doctors help and your childs involvement, you can resolve the problem. Sleep Deprivation and Teens “The restriction in total sleep time experienced by teens worsens as they progress through high school with 12th graders significantly more sleep-restricted than 7th graders. Crashes are inevitable and may occur far more frequently than every four months, says Helene A. Emsellem, MD, director of The Center for Sleep Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland, and author of Snooze…or Lose! Ten ‘No-War’ Ways to Improve Your Teen’s Sleep Habits. Studies have shown that adolescents require 8.5 to 9.25 hours of sleep per night, but teenagers often get considerably less. Sleep and ADHD Dr. Emsellem says that it is important to be aware of the symptomatic overlap between ADD/ADHD and sleep restriction. “Difficulty with attention, focus, and concentration are key symptoms of both sleepiness and ADD/ADHD. The presence of sleep restriction will aggravate ADD/ADHD symptoms. If the worsened symptoms are managed with higher medication doses rather than with the much-needed sleep then symptoms may snowball.” How to Help Your Child Sleep   Be sure to talk with your child’s doctor about your concerns. It may be that he or she can adjust the dosage and timing of the medication. This is particularly important “to avoid the spill-over effects in the evening hours which may make it difficult for your teen to wind down and fall asleep,” notes Dr. Emsellem. “It may be a challenge to adjust for the adequate dosage to allow for evening studying, yet not interfere with sleep onset.” These are all issues you will want to discuss with the doctor. Reducing the Side Effects of ADHD Medication

Self Assessment Of Counseling Skills Essay - 1949 Words

Self-Assessment of` Counseling Skills M.D. is a 23 year-old African American male, and a counseling graduate student at Old Dominion University. He has one brother and one stepbrother, and his parents are divorced. His dad is remarried, and his mother is single. M.D. expressed a close relationship with his grandmother, and fluctuating relationship with his mother and father. He is not married and does not have any children, but he is in a committed relationship with his girlfriend, whom he lives with. He expressed an extreme interest in music and can play numerous instruments. He is a member of Phi Mu Alpha, a music fraternity, and he works for the music department at Old Dominion University. The client stated he came to counseling because he wanted to work on relieving some of his stress. Throughout the sessions, the source of his stress changed. During the first session, he was having a conflict within his friend group. In the first and second session, the client mentioned feeling responsible for his friends and family. In the second session, he was feeling stressed because of his amount of school work, particularly midterm exams. Although he stated he was doing well, he was not meeting his expectations. To meet his expectations, the client mentioned not practicing proper self-care. In the third session, the client’s stress was a result of his relationship with his girlfriend. He expressed not being satisfied with the quantity and quality of the time they were spendingShow MoreRelatedEssay about Personal Career Development: Course Review1012 Words   |  5 Pagesto review the personal information from the career assessments taken in HS 585 Career Counseling at Bellevue University. The review will focus on this author’s personal results. This paper will combine the assessments with the author’s personal history to provide a context for future career goals. Assessment Summary The primary assessment performed and examined within the HS 585 course was the Strong Interest Inventory (SII). This assessment provided a profile of this author’s interests and valuesRead MoreThe Case Of John And Carmen Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesUNIT 9: The Case of John and Carmen The case being presented is John and Carmen. The two of the are getting married and have reached our for premarital counseling to help with some current issues regarding to their in laws meddling into their relationship which is caused a strain between the two of them. John has come from an upper middle class African American family. John’s parents are not pleased that John is not going to be readily available to his brother and cousins. 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OregonRead MoreTechniques For Enhancing Self Efficacy1485 Words   |  6 PagesWhile techniques aimed at enhancing self-efficacy may be beneficial at all developmental stages, they may be particularly influential during early adolescence, as occupational aspirations become established and perceptions of aptitude may increasingly influence students’ sense of which career options are attractive and viable (Brown, 2002). Self-efficacy beliefs and goal attainment are central to the development of academic-career interests and to the collection of occupational opportunities thatRead MoreComprehensive School Counseling Program Evaluation Essay890 Words   |  4 Pages In order to provide a comprehensive school counseling program (CSCP) that meets the unique needs of Ocean Elementary School, the school counselor must understand the needs of the school. Therefore, conducting a needs assessment can help a new school counselor to evaluate the CSCP in order to plan, implement, and improve the effectiveness of the program (Astramovich Coker, 2007). Additionally, utilizing the accountability bridge counseling program evaluation model, a continuous evaluation cycleRead MorePurpose And Goals Of Counseling Supervision1574 Words   |  7 Pages Unit 3 Purpose and Goals of Counseling Supervision ElizaBell D. Hall COUN 5004 – Survey of Research in Human Development for Professional Counselors August 2, 2015 Professor Mee-Gaik Lim Purpose and Goals of Counseling Supervision Clinical supervision is very essential for the growth of counseling interns, whether it is on a more professional or personal level. With that being noted, the purpose of supervision may vary according to the helping profession. Simply put, clinical supervisionRead MoreMyers Brigg Type Indicator, And The Four Dimensions Of Personality Types1539 Words   |  7 Pages The Myers-Brigg Assessment, and the four dimensions of personality types based on the findings of Carl Jung, Isabel Myers and Katharine Briggs, indicates Katie as an ISFJ (intuitive, sensing, feeling, and judging). People falling into this category are often known as nurturers. Additionally, individuals of this personality type tend to be practical, and sensitive towards other’s feelings. These traits make the ISFJ personality ideal for careers such as counseling where they are needed to

Political Media And Political Social Media - 1584 Words

Political social media Name Course Date Political social media Daily, elected leaders turn to social media to communicate, promote or update status of their daily activities. They should however adopt best practices as they do this to avoid getting themselves into trouble. One such practice is to take time to think and formulate thoughts before posting anything. They should also have strict policies in place to govern how they get word out to ensure they get out accurate and timely information. One that is free of bias and inappropriate editing. Nevertheless, they should be very selective on whom to authorize to do their posting for them. The policies they put in place should ensure adequate training and accountability to†¦show more content†¦14-10-2017: He highlighted the fact that he was going on Judge Jeanie show at 9 pm. 15-10-2017: He seemed insulted that Peter Baker failed to mention rapid terminations of TPP and the Paris accord in New York Times, The Failing article. 16-10-2017: He commented on a question he was asked on whether Hilary Clinton was going to run in 2020. He called her crooked. 17-10-2017: He commented on rep. Tom Marino withdrawal from consideration as drug czar calling him a fine man and a great congressman. Mike Pence 14-10-2017: He commented on his travel to Virginia to support a friend who would make a great governor for the commonwealth. He also commented on being sent by the president to give thanks for the support and to elect the new governor of Virginia. He also Praised the governor elect and his support on economy growth, cut taxes, fight foe safe VA and affordable energy and coal. Before Mike Pence’s October 14th comment, the last time he had commented on twitter was on September 26th. 2017. To date, he has not commented on anything. POTUS 45 On Facebook, there have been no posts on Donald Trump’s government page within the two-week period. The last post is dated 9th September 2017. The post is a shared post from Donald Trump’s son Facebook account. Mike Pence 17th October 2017 He commented on launching more jobs and thriving middle class touching on tax cut versus growth while praising previous presidents. On 15th he talked about remembering about patriotsShow MoreRelatedThe Political Power Of Social Media1171 Words   |  5 Pagesadvancements and the prevalence of social media, communication has become faster and easier than before, allowing for greater involvement in activities globally. This has allowed for social media to become a method of political action because of its accessibility and speed. With the advancing processes of social media as a political force, there have been arguments on the effectiveness and different ways to take advantage of it. Clay Shirky, in â€Å"The Political Power of Social Media: Technology, the Public SphereRead MoreSocial Media And Political Economy1174 Words   |  5 PagesFuchs s article relates social media with power and political economy, which roots in Karl Max s critical theory toward capitali sm s exploit on free labor sources. Recall from what Fuchs mentioned on chapter one, he discussed about the concept of social media by introducing a four dynamic process: cognition, communication and co-operation. Each one is closely associated with a notion of sociality from different philosophical points of view. However, in this chapter, he extends the critical theoryRead MorePolitical Opinions On Social Media1192 Words   |  5 PagesTable of contents Introduction Risks: Similar content on social media Unreliable political opinions on social media Biased data sets Stealing of confidential data Lack of accountability over misguided algorithms Disproportionate investment in economic growth / Biased flow of capital Unstable Financial Policies existence of Monopoly Ineffective electoral system Rentier capitalism Non-transparent public-private tendering Status quo involvement in policies Inappropriate StandardRead MoreSocial Media And Political Leaders1402 Words   |  6 Pagesform of social media account or doesn’t go on any form of media, ever? No one? Neither do I. Majority, if not every single one, of my friends has or uses some sort of media throughout their everyday lives whether it be for school, at home, or on the job, everyone uses social media these days for everything. Even some of our political leaders such as Presidents, Senators, Governors, and various other leaders have their own social media accounts or online campaigns. As time goes on we see social mediaRead MoreThe Political Power Of Social Media923 Words   |  4 Pagestotal of 1.49 billion and 304 million active users respectively. This rapid rise and popularity of social media has allowed for the dispersion of ideas quickly and effectively on a global scale; in such a way that is unparalleled to any time in history. Therefore, the rise of social media has created a new, immensely power ful form of Civil Society Two. A form that has the ability to create political unrest and outright revolution in the modern states. In reference to the modern state, authoritarianRead MoreSocial Media And Political Engagement2000 Words   |  8 Pagesbetween political engagement and social media has offered diverse findings. Some scholars, such as Venezuela, Bode, Park and Kee, and Zhang, Seltzer, and Bichard discovered positive relationships between social media and political engagement. Following this, scholars Valenzuela and Vitak et al, Zuniga and Jung comprehended affirmative relationships as well, but with some limitations to specific kinds of social media. These studies confirmed a constructive relationship between social media and politicalRead MoreSocial Media And Political Rap1844 Words   |  8 Pagescircumstances of social inequalities are becoming more prominent in the social media and news sources, the appearance of political rap is also becoming more prevalent. It ’s very common to hear rappers rap about their struggles and injustices, not only with present day artists but also older groups. For example, N.W.A, Tupac Shakur, Public Enemy, and Nas, who were popular in the late 80’s and throughout the 90’s, were known for their politically charged music and critiques of the American media. 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Due to the lack of academic resources about this new event, news article and internet resources will be my main approach of research for the movement. This essay will discuss the topic by discussing how social media can beRead MoreSocial Media Is A Form Of Political Activism765 Words   |  4 PagesSocial media is a form of political activism that has received a significant amount of debate. Does it offer major value to political parties hoping to gain traction with key demographics? Or does it simply detract from the real message, creating a giant distraction that does not turn into actual voter turnout? Pew Research Institute and others have shown that social media popularity has actua lly led to improvements in voter turnout and that there is a positive correlation between a candidate’s Facebook

The Frontier in American History Free Essays

There are quite several sharp notions in The Frontier in American History by Frederick Jackson Turner, and all of these notions very well contribute to the revelation that with diversity comes the great possibility of acquiring an identity independent as it is from everything else outside. Although much of what is written in the collected essays verifies the idea that the creation of a government of the people surpasses that which is merely imitated, the role of the external elements can be argued as indispensable elements in the establishment of an identity.   One of the central themes in The Frontier in American History is the idea of the formation of the government that is distinctive and proper to the Americans. We will write a custom essay sample on The Frontier in American History or any similar topic only for you Order Now The author, Frederick Jackson Turner’s viewpoint in the book evidently shows his aim towards rendering a piece which will devote on tracing the history of America as well as with the nature of civilization. It has been noted that Turner was one of the ambitious democratic leader with the bias on lurking deep on the â€Å"flaws† of those who are in office which furthers his conviction on self-reliance and the turmoil revolving around political idiosyncrasy. The author was a piece of hopeful being.   Further, another major limitation of Turner’s thesis is that it does not adequately recognize the extent to which frontier societies are shaped by the economic and political systems of the states in which they are located or to which they are most closely linked. It is not merely expansion into a wilderness that explains the character of a frontier society, but rather expansion within a particular social, economic and political context. In the slave states, for example, westward expansion occurred within an economic and legal context that transplanted the slave system and the values that went with it into new areas. Written in the year 1920, several collaborations on the critique made in the light of The Frontier serves a moral vision, as presented in Chicago during the World’s Columbian Exposition and has even garnered his works Pulitzer Prize awards a year after he died[1]. This Wisconsin legend in history and literature has made a large impact on the society that his works were often placed in the table of deliberation as either that which is intellectually beneficial in the astounding arena of history or that which defeats the sagacity of being a historian. The main fact that he held his theory on high hopes in building a feasible force in the economic, social and political discussion in America, it is undeniable that majority of historians having the attempt to fully bring up the marvel of The Frontier is admirably an epic as his works were given worth and space in encyclopedias as well as in classroom deliberations. Turner’s argument is grounded on the premise that a government that is shaped according to other nations or that which resembles or at least partly incorporates external elements from foreign nations will not be suitable for the people and for the entire nation. It can be observed that Turner firmly adheres to the principle of having an identity that is solidly based on what is natural to the people and to the rest of the country. What is natural supersedes those that are artificial—what is essentially natural to America is ‘diversity’ in the truest sense of the word[2]. Apparently, Turner makes it a point to bridge the issue with diversity to that of having a strong government structured according to the innate qualities of the American people. However, it fails to consider the fact that diversity also grants the substantial possibility of not actually unifying all the corners of the country into a single and identifiable sphere[3]. What Turner does is to transcend this ‘diversity’ and patch all the different—albeit intrinsic—‘American’ elements into a unified concept that virtually quells, at least in theory, the force of other external factors. He does this at least in the sense of proposing an ‘ideological’ battle, one that treats ideas far superior than brute or physical force. Although Turner argues that bloodshed is inevitable, he also suggests that the ideas of man will have to take the core of the movement towards the establishment of an independent and unique government and that these ideas should come from the American people themselves and not from anybody else. [1] Schultz, S. K. (1999). Turner, Frederick Jackson -Historian (1861-1932).  Ã‚   Retrieved October 19, 2007, from http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/bios/15.html [2] Thies, Cameron G. (2005), ‘War, Rivalry, and State Building in Latin America’, American Journal of Political Science, 49 (3), 453. [3] Sullivan, John L. (1973), ‘Political Correlates of Social, Economic, and Religious Diversity in the American States’, The Journal of Politics, 35 (1), 71.    How to cite The Frontier in American History, Papers

Management Strategic Information System

Questions: 1. Discuss the criteria to consider in specifying the structure and features of CGCs new system. 2. Identify the data that should be incorporated into CGCs new system to provide adequate planning capability. Explain why each data item it is important and the level of detail needed for the data to be useful. Answers: Introduction The citizen gas company provides the services of gas to more than 20,000 consumers that includes commercial as well as residential and industrial. The residential customers usage of the gas is highly associated with the condition of the weather. However, the commercial customers are not completely dependent on the condition of the weather. The factor of the business on the other hand governs the usage of the industrial customers. More than 10 pipeline companies supplies natural gas to the company. As per the reports, the supply of some of the contracts witnesses an equivalent monthly augmentation. However, in the case of other contracts the supply varies considerably especially during the heating season (George et al. 2016). The citizen gas company has to pay a certain amount irrespective of the amount they use. In the situation when the demand exceeds the supply the gas is withdrawn. However, when the supply exceeds the demand the gas is impelled into a storage field. As per the reports, the planning efforts of the citizen gas company are not able to control the supply during the gas year. The demand of the customer is projected in this case as a function of the total number of customers. In turn the demand of the gas by both the commercial as well as the industrial customers has been limited. As a result, Citizen Gas Company has hired a new director of corporate planning to whom the company has provided an intangible design for an information system (Westbrook 2015). Structure and Features of CGCs New System The new system of the citizens gas company is wide-ranging enough so that it can concentrate on all the areas of action. The basic structure and features of the citizens gas company involves the need for market information. The market information helps in decision-making and it provides with the marketing data that is formally gathered as well as analysed. An overall marketing information system is defined as a state of arrangement that helps in the marketing decision-making. It is very important to consider the marketing information as the strength of the financial system of the Citizens Gas Company and it makes the customers to identify their services in a better way (Piercy and Evans 2014). The main objective of the marketing information is to incorporate the market-monitoring technique with the strategic enhancement as well as the strategic accomplishment of policies and procedures. The marketing information also handles both the internal as well as the external data. It is also concerned with the prevention of the problems and solves the problem. The marketing system operates incessantly as a system. It mostly focuses on the future, as it is future oriented. It is concerned with the other parts of the marketing that includes planning, advertisement as well as the sale of the product (Bakaev and Avdeenko 2014). In order to meet the supply with the demand, the CGC has hired a director who can help in corporate planning. A conceptual design has been represented to her that is related to the information system. The basic structures and the features of the citizen gas company need to assess the design alternatives as well as prepare the requirement of design. This in turn helps to prepare an intangible system design testimony. (Source: Kelsey, 2015) Some vital elements are required in order put into practice the new system. The information needs to be superior so as to meet the requirements of the new planning. The basic features should include the fact that the demand and the supply of the natural gas should be billed in that particular time when all the business deal is carried out. This needs to be done as because during the current period, the planning effort of CGC was not able to manage the supply during the gas year (Tek 2012). In order to ensure that the service provided by the CGC is meeting the quality and the demand of the customers, it is important to analyse the size of the income classes of the customers. If the complains made the customers are reduced that will in turn help to match the demand with the supply and level of the gas will be maintained. The key element that helps to determine the demand and supply should be taken into consideration. The main objective of the Citizen's Gas Company is to have a transparent image to its customers and increase their sale (Bohi 2013). The new system will help to reduce the probability of the withdrawn of the gas during the stage when the demands surpass the supply. Since the demand exceeds the supply, the industrial customers have to suffer, as the service of the gas by CGC gets limited. As a result, the company suffered from loss as the sales of the company were diminished. As a result, at the end of the year the company witnessed unnecessary supply (Hines 2014). The reason why the demand and the supply has never been equal is mainly due to the fact that the equilibrium point has never been able to be inactive and constantly growing depending on the modification of the diverse variables that influence it. However, with the help of this plan the limitations will be mainly on the use of the storage gas meadow. The customers of CGC will now be pleased with the help of this plan, as the demand will not exceed the supply, as the supply will now meet the criteria of the customers. The company will now be able to flourish, as the new plan will now help to remove the restriction. As a result, the demand of the customer will now be based on the total fraction of the customers (Walras 2013). (Source: CALIFORNIA, 2013) The accurateness is also required in order to determine the service of the customers that is the key to the success of a company. Accuracy is created in reaction to the needs of the customers. The new system is designed in such a way that the accuracy is matched with the demand of the customers. It has never been easy for Citizens Gas Company to predict the exact amount of sale in the coming years. This is the very reason that it decided to adapt a new plan. The accuracy is needed in order to ensure that extreme efforts are not spent in being excessively precise in exact areas. The new system should also be used regularly to provide a route to the level of automation (Knapp 2014). This in turn will also help to recreate the mission and vision of the company that will in turn help to determine the criteria of the basic structures as well as features of the Citizens company gas. The new system that is planned will help the company to gain profit and that will help the company to become efficient to meet the demand as well as the supply (Ross 2013). The turnaround is also required in the sense that the company requires the turnaround in order to improve their financial condition. The turnaround is required when the company faces any downswing. The turnaround will help to provide a volatile business surrounding that will help to solve the problem faced by the company and in turn make the company successful. If a company is facing any problem, there is always an increase need for turnaround (Schmuck 2013). Data That Should Be Incorporated into CGCs New System There are data that needs to incorporate into the new system of Citizens Gas Company. The planning system by the Citizens Gas Company will utilize the actual reports that will help to support the decision making process. The actual data will also project the demand for the year. The most important of them are the total number of clients or the customers of the Citizens Gas Company. The basis of the calculation of the total customers should be anticipated monthly wise. However, if the increases for customers are regular in that case the calculation will depend on the base customer count that can be used as a combination with a feature of growth. In order to give an accurate data regarding the total number of customers, it is important to divide the customers based on the various categories that are residential, industrial and commercial. Previously, it was reported that the usage of gas by diverse customer depends on the different factors such as the condition of the weather (Allison 2014). The second most vital data that should be incorporated in the new system is that of the sales estimate. The sales to the most important industrial financial records should be predicted separately based on month for the first year of the five-year plan. The upcoming years mostly makes the use of the growth rates on the yearly basis. The revenue class mostly determine the heating as well as the non-heating sales for all the customers (Soldo 2012). Thirdly, the data that can be incorporated is that of the data related to weather. The heating requirements are projected by the data of the weather. The data of the weather comes from various sources and it can be obtained from both the human reports as well as the remote sensors. The weather data plays an important role in the context of decision-making. The weather is known to support a broad range of technical fields. The planning system requires the short term prediction that will help to improve the planning system. As reported earlier the condition of the weather is known to influence the gas usage of both the residential as well as the commercial customers (Auffhammer et al. 2013). The data related to the heating factors are required to be incorporated in the new system of Citizens Gas Company. The data that are related to the heating factors helps to convert the data of the weather to the demand of the customers. Each customer should be provided with the heating factors. However, if the seasonal relationship exists only in that case the heating factors changes or else it remains the same throughout the month (Han et al. 2012). (Source: Perfins.org, 2016) The data related to the price structure of the customer should also be incorporated. The structure of the price of the various customers should be able to provide with a monthly details related to the income class level of the various customers that is the industrial, commercial as well as residential (Faruqui et al. 2014). The price structure of the customers is the largest part of the Citizens Gas Company. The price structure gives the details about the actual cost of the gas. The main reason to incorporate this data is to exemplify the current level of the charges of the consumer and it also helps to determine the level of the fixed cost that this price covers (Danese and Romano 2013). The data related to the component demand of the customer is also important as it gives the details of the monthly utilization of each commercial as well as industrial non-heating customer. It is mainly required to reflect both the cyclic fluctuations as well as the enduring trends. The non-heating segment of the commercial and the industrial customer demand can be predicted by this data (Fleischmann et al. 2015). As reported earlier that the Citizens Gas Company limits the supply of the gas to most of its customers as the supply is less as compared to demand. After restricting the supply, the company faces a severe loss as their sale gets reduced. This affects the profitability of the company (Andueza et al. 2013). The company faces a loss as it continues to lose the supply of the service to its customers. In that case the priority system needs to be established. The priority system helps to give the track whenever the supply is not able to meet the demand. As a result, the company again begin to earn profit and thus their sale also rises (Kevat and Lander 2013). The data on the storage capacity of the gas is necessary which in turn helps to determine whether the gas remains in storage that can be inhibited in order to complement pipeline supply. The data on the storage capacity is thus required to determine the storage of the gas (Mason et al. 2015). Conclusion It can be concluded that the basic structure and features of the citizens gas company involves the need for market information. In order to meet the supply with the demand, the CGC has hired a director who can help in corporate planning. The Citizens Gas Company limits the supply of the gas to most of its customers as the supply is less as compared to demand. It has also been concluded that each customer should be provided with the heating factors. In order to give an accurate data regarding the total number of customers, it is important to divide the customers based on the various categories that are residential, industrial and commercial. The non-heating segment of the commercial and the industrial customer demand can be predicted by this data. The heating requirements are projected by the data of the weather. The data of the weather comes from various sources and it can be obtained from both the human reports as well as the remote sensors. It has also been viewed that the Citizen Gas Company has hired a new director of corporate planning to whom the company has provided an intangible design for an information system. The Citizens Gas Company limits the supply of the gas to most of its customers as the supply is less as compared to demand. In that case the priority system needs to be established. References Allison, I., 2014. Techno-Economic Evaluation of Associated Gas Usage for Gas Turbine Power Generation in the Presence of Degradation Resource Decline. Andueza, F.Q., Llona, G.J.F., Odriozola, J.I.M. and de Zaitegui, F.J.E.S., Coprecitec, SL, 2013.Control system for the ignition of a gas burner. U.S. Patent 8,371,844. Auffhammer, M., Hsiang, S.M., Schlenker, W. and Sobel, A., 2013. Using weather data and climate model output in economic analyses of climate change.Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, p.ret016. Bakaev, M. and Avdeenko, T., 2014. Data Extraction for Decision-Support Systems: Application in Labour Market Monitoring and Analysis.International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning,4(1). Bohi, D.R., 2013.Analyzing demand behavior: a study of energy elasticities. Routledge. CALIFORNIA, 1. (2013). 1863 CITIZENS' GAS COMPANY STOCK CERTIFICATE SAN FRANCISCO CALIFORNIA. Danese, P. and Romano, P., 2013. The moderating role of supply network structure on the customer integration-efficiency relationship.International Journal of Operations Production Management,33(4), pp.372-393. Faruqui, A., Sergici, S. and Akaba, L., 2014. The Impact of Dynamic Pricing on Residential and Small Commercial and Industrial Usage: New Experimental Evidence from Connecticut.Energy Journal,35(1). Fleischmann, B., Meyr, H. and Wagner, M., 2015. Advanced planning. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 71-95). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. George, R.A., Siti-Nabiha, A.K., Jalaludin, D. and Abdalla, Y.A., 2016. Barriers to and enablers of sustainability integration in the performance management systems of an oil and gas company.Journal of Cleaner Production. Han, J.C., Dutta, S. and Ekkad, S., 2012.Gas turbine heat transfer and cooling technology. CRC Press. Hines, T., 2014.Supply Chain Strategies: Demand Driven and Customer Focused. Routledge. Kevat, D.A. and Lander, F.J., 2013. Emerging inequality and potential unconstitutionality-the case for reform of the intern priority system.The Medical journal of Australia,198(6), pp.334-337. Knapp, W., 2014. Accuracy. InCIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering(pp. 6-9). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Research Paper on Oil Prices Essay Example

Research Paper on Oil Prices Essay Oil prices is an important indicator of International crude oil trade, as well as the intermediate petroleum products and the finished products trade, which are centralized in two markets, located in New York NYMEX and London’s ICE. There are other places, but they only relay these two markets through the Internet. The listing of different crudes is refreshed every day and most oil produces company are subscribed to the pages issued by Reuters and Platt’s Oilgram Price Reports that provide this listing. In Europe, on the basis of the data provided by Platts, oil traders negotiate with Asia in the morning and, after the opening of the New York market, with the United States later in the evening until about 11 pm. This trading system is comparable to the financial markets. Indeed, the value of a given quantity of crude, usually one metric ton, reflects the FOB (free on board) price of the gross plus transportation costs (freight), insurance, the impact of loss, the cost of refining, and a certain profit margin for the refiner. Thus, there is always a correlation between the price of finished products and FOB price. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Oil Prices specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Oil Prices specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Oil Prices specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This valuation is done every day by interposed calculation in order to know the daily market value of each of the grades of crude on the market. As for the stock exchanges, transactions between traders are made by telephone or over the Internet and are confirmed by fax or email. As for financial markets, there is also a futures market. In this market, the crude is bought or sold by lot, at one or more months delivery in advance. It is the same for intermediate products such as naphtha or kerosene, or for finished products such as fuels, jet fuel, diesel, or heavy fuel oil. In a word, everything that has been made from crude, including residues, is salable and buyable. World consumption in 2008 was estimated at 86.5 million barrels per day (bpd), with a current price between 65 and 145 U.S. dollars this year, it is a daily market ranging from about 5.6 billion to 13.5 billion. The daily production of OPEC in September 2008 is 32.47 million barrels per day. These values were relatively very important in the 1980s, have become of much smaller financial importance for transactions in the 2000s. If you are planning to compose a top-notch research proposal on the subject, it can be helpful to use free sample research paper topics on oil prices, which will let you know that crude oil and its products can be sold as FOB (free on board) or CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight). In the first case it is the buyer who pays the charges after purchase (expense corresponding to the charter of the ship, freight, and cargo insurance) and in the second case it is the seller who pays the bills; in the first case the price is lower. Are you looking for a top-notch custom research paper on Oil Price topics? Is confidentiality as important to you as the high quality of the product? Try our writing service at EssayLib.com! We can offer you professional assistance at affordable rates. Our experienced PhD and Master’s writers are ready to take into account your smallest demands. We guarantee you 100% authenticity of your paper and assure you of dead on time delivery. Proceed with the order form: Please, feel free to visit us at EssayLib.com and learn more about our service!

Bilingualism - Definition and Examples

Bilingualism s Bilingualism is the ability of an individual or the members of a community to use two languages effectively. Adjective: bilingual. Monolingualism refers to the ability to use a single language. The ability to use multiple languages is known as multilingualism. More than half of the  worlds population is bilingual or  multilingual: 56% of Europeans are bilingual, while 38% of the population in Great Britain, 35% in Canada, and 17% in the United States are bilingual (Multicultural America: A Multimedia Encyclopedia, 2013). Etymology From the Latin, two tongue Examples and Observations Bilingualism as the NormBilingualismmore generally, multilingualismis a major fact of life in the world today. To begin with, the worlds estimated 5,000 languages are spoken in the worlds 200 sovereign states (or 25 languages per state), so that communication among the citizens of many of the worlds countries clearly requires extensive bi- (if not multi-)lingualism. In fact, David Crystal (1997) estimates that two-thirds of the worlds children grow up in a bilingual environment. Considering only bilingualism involving English, the statistics that Crystal has gathered indicate that, of the approximately 570 million people world-wide who speak English, over 41 percent or 235 million are bilingual in English and some other language. . . . One must conclude that, far from being exceptional, as many lay people believe, bilingualism/multilingualismwhich, of course, goes hand in hand with multiculturalism in many casesis currently the rule throughout the world and will become increasingly s o in the future.(Tej K. Bhatia and William C. Ritchie, Introduction. The Handbook of Bilingualism. Blackwell, 2006) Global MultilingualismThe political history of the 19th and 20th centuries and the ideology of one stateone nationone language have given rise to the idea that monolingualism has always been the default or normal case in Europe and more or less a precondition for political loyalty. Facing this situation, it has been overlooked that the vast majority of the worlds populationin whatever form or conditionsis multilingual. This is quite obvious when we look at the linguistic maps of Africa, Asia or Southern America at any given time.(Kurt Braunmà ¼ller and Gisella Ferraresi, Introduction. Aspects of Multilingualism in European Language History. John Benjamins, 2003)Individual and Societal BilingualismBilingualism exists as a possession of an individual. It is also possible to talk about bilingualism as a characteristic of a group or community of people [societal bilingualism]. Bilinguals and multilinguals are most often located in groups, communities or in a particular region (e.g. Cata lans in Spain). . . . [C]o-existing languages may be in a process of rapid change, living in harmony or one rapidly advancing at the cost of the other, or sometimes in conflict. Where many language minorities exist, there is often language shift . . ..(Colin Baker and Sylvia Prys Jones, Encyclopedia of Bilingualism and Bilingual Education. Multilingual Matters, 1998) Foreign Language Instruction in the U.S.For decades, U.S. policymakers, business leaders, educators, and research organizations have decried our students’ lack of foreign language skills and called for better language instruction. Yet, despite these calls for action, we have fallen further behind the rest of the world in preparing our students to communicate effectively in languages other than English.I believe the main reason for this disparity is that foreign languages are treated by our public education system as less important than math, science and English. In contrast, E.U. governments expect their citizens to become fluent in at least two languages plus their native tongue. . . .[F]oreign language instruction in the U.S. is frequently considered a luxury, a subject taught to college-bound students, more frequently in affluent than poor school districts, and readily cut when math or reading test scores drop or budget cuts loom.(Ingrid Pufahl, How Europe Does It. The New York Times, February. 7, 2010)

Contemporary Developments in the EC Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Contemporary Developments in the EC Law - Essay Example Council Regulation Number 1612/68 of the EEC defines a migrant worker as a national of any member state of the EU who seeks employment in any other member state and it enjoins upon the member states to treat the migrant worker on par with the indigenous workers. Article 12 of the EC Treaty enjoins upon the member countries to accord facilities to the children of workers from other member countries, who are or were employed in that member country, similar to those that it does to the children of its own citizens3. Article 18(1) of the EC Treaty, bestows on every citizen of the union the right to free movement and residence within the territory of the Member States. EC Directive 2004/38 amends Regulation 1612/68 of the EEC to the effect that a citizen of the Union can reside in another Member State for three months with a valid passport or identity card. For subsequent periods, extending to five years thereafter, such residence is conditional, in as much as that such a person must be either a worker, self-employed or "have sufficient resources so as not to become a burden on the social security system of the host State and have comprehensive sickness insurance"4. Ms Jones after graduation from Sunderland University in 2005 with a Business Degree went on a European tour. While in Spain she applied for a post as an English teacher at a Financial Securities Academy. However, at the interview she discovered that she was ineligible for this post as she was not a Spanish national and since such posts had been classified as belonging to the "public service", and for which only Spanish nationals could be appointed, resulting in the ineligibility of non-nationals. Ms Jones was denied employment on the grounds that she was not Spanish National. However, Article 5 of Title I of the EU Regulation 1612/68, which has been discussed above, deals with the free circulation of workers within the European Union, directs the State employment offices have to render help to an EU foreigner seeking employment in another EU country, which is akin to that rendered to their own nationals. Article 1 of the EU Regulation 1612/68, states that any national of a Member State, shall, irrespective of her place of residence, have the right to take up an activity as an employed person, and to pursue such activity, within the territory of another Member State in accordance with the provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action governing the employment of nationals of that State. She shall, in particular, have the right to take up available employment in the territory of another Member State with the same priority as nationals of that State5. According to Article 12, a Spanish Work or Residence permit, is not only available to any EU worker but also to any family member of the EU worker. All of these rights regarding the free circulation of workers within the European Union are set out in EU Regulation. Title 1 of these regulations specifically prohibits any member country from applying rules or imposing unusual conditions in respect of employment of EU foreigners. It is also prohibited to force foreigners to register with employment offices as a precondition for employment. Further, it is proscribed to raise obstacles in the hiring of EU foreign nationals who do not officially reside in that country. In practice this implies that an EU citizen

On Truth and Lies in a Nonmoral Sense Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

On Truth and Lies in a Nonmoral Sense - Essay Example Here he discusses the implication of language to our acquisition of knowledge. The second part deals with the dual nature of man, i.e. the rational and the intuitive. He establishes that neither rational nor intuitive man is ever successful in their pursuit of knowledge due to our illusion of truth. Therefore, Nietzsche concludes that all we can claim to know are interpretations of truth and not truth itself. Analysis In the first part of his work, Nietzsche asserts that: â€Å"The pride connected with knowing and sensing lies like a blinding fog over the eyes and senses of men, thus deceiving them concerning the value of existence† (Nietzsche 451-452). Here, it seems that Nietzsche is trying to reject any empirical sense of gaining knowledge. For example, I know that I am sitting on a wooden chair because I can see the chair, feel the texture of the wood, touch it, and even smell the aroma of it. But Nietzsche argues that we only perceive the surface of things, and our  "senses nowhere lead to the truth" (Nietzsche 452). This is what Nietzsche meant by using the analogy of our senses being like a â€Å"blinding fog over the eyes† and thus deceiving us on our knowledge about things. But how do we know what is true from what is false? What is truth as opposed to lies? Here, Nietzsche introduces the concept of man as a social being who creates peace among society and forms a general consensus in the process of doing so. He once more establishes his point by saying that â€Å"this peace treaty brings in its wake something which appears to be the first step toward acquiring that puzzling truth drive† (Nietzsche 452). Furthermore, he argues that â€Å"a uniformly valid and binding designation is invented for things, and this legislation of language likewise establishes the first laws of truth. For the contrast between truth and lie arises here for the first time† (Nietzsche 452-453). In other words, Nietzsche establishes his foundati on of truth as opposed to lies. Since the development of language, all its representations are, according to Nietzsche, lies. Language is a form of self-deception, which humans have created to convince themselves that the unreal is real. Indeed, Nietzsche asks, â€Å"Is language the adequate expression of all realities?† (Nietzsche 453). The emphasis here is the one to one correspondence of an object to that of its spoken word. For example, when I a rainbow, the first thing that I associate with it is color. Almost anyone would understand me if associate the word â€Å"color† to the object â€Å"rainbow†. However, consider the following scenario: what if you were never exposed to color? Since you were born into this world, you were kept inside a house that had only shades of gray. In short, what if the world you consider as real is all in black and white? Now consider that this person saw a â€Å"rainbow† outside his window for the first time, would he as sociate the term â€Å"color† with it? Would he even know what â€Å"color† means? This is the point that Nietzsche wants us to understand regarding language. I quote, â€Å"It is this way with all of us concerning language: we believe that we know something about the things themselves when we speak of trees, colors, snow, and flowers; and yet we possess nothing but metaphors for things - metaphors which correspond in no way to the original entities† (Nietzsche 454). Thus, Nietzsche concludes that â€Å"the genesis of language does not proceed logically in any case, and all the material within and with

Effects of the Tourism Sector on Employment Rates

Effects of the Tourism Sector on Employment Rates Chapter 2: Literature Review The main purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the existing literatures that various researchers have conducted on tourism and employment. This chapter also shed lights on how tourism sector is important for employment. 2.1 Theoretical Review The theoretical literature explores all the theories based on tourism and employment. 2.2 Introduction Around the world tourism has become the most crucial and fast growing industry as it is bringing a numerous advantages especially in Small Island like Mauritius. Over the last decades, tourism has attained increasing recognition as a crucial sector with enormous potential for generating employment. Tourism has been classified as the prosperous industry and considered as one of the largest and most progressive industries in the world that can bring maximum advantage to a country as compared to other economic activities. There has been a rise in tourist’s arrivals during the recent years since the beginning of civilisation as travel has been a great interest for people especially in Mauritius. UNWTOs Tourism 2020 vision foresees that international tourists arrivals are expected to be over 1.56 billion in the year 2020 thus this will bring a positive impact in job opportunities in the future as it will boost up the employment rate in the world. As such, the tourism sector will co ntinue to be a promising industry in the following decades. In a country such as Mauritius, employment is considered as one of the most important matters as unemployment keep on increasing every day. Unemployment following a period of seasonal job creation may be voluntary or involuntary. It is more efficient in creating employment in tourism than in any other sector as tourism is a labour intensive industry. Consumption expenditures of tourist provide direct or indirect employment opportunities in the tourism industry. Therefore total employment in a country is influenced by tourism via the general employment effect in the economy. The rapid growth of international tourism has led to numerous job creations. Tourism can create employment directly through hotels, restaurants, souvenir sales, taxis and nightclubs, and indirectly through the supply of commodities needed by tourism-related businesses. 2.3 The seasonality in tourism employment Tourism seasonality is an important issue in many destinations. Seasonality creates the variation in tourists and visitor numbers to a destination. Many countries are affected by seasonal employment in their tourism industry especially in coastal destination. Seasonality is considered more as an issue rather than a benefit of tourism (Butler, 2001). Thus seasonality is seen as a problem to be tackled at an operational level. Flognfedt (2001) disagrees that in certain situation seasonality in demands present opportunities to rural destinations mostly where their economy balances tourism alongside other activities. However it is considered that seasonality can cause problems for employment level in the economy. Unemploymentis not certainly produced by seasonal employment. Unemployment that occurs due to seasonal employment may be willingly or unwillingly because some employees prefer seasonal job as they are paid more compared to other job. Anyunemployment benefitpolicy designed to alleviate the seasonal nature of employment insectorssuch astourism may reduce the unemployment issue. Employment in the tourism sector is greatly affected by the phenomenon of seasonality. Marshall (1999) describes seasonal job as: â€Å"once the seasonal peak has been over, non-stable job will end at a stated time or in the future†. The perception of tourism seasonality can be described as temporal lack of balance in the phenomenon of tourism which can be signified in their expenditure, in the number of visitors and employment (Butler, 1994). The tourism sector gives the opportunity of complementary earning for local population in many developed and developing countries. However, particularly in many developed country destination seasonal fluctuation brings an irregular use of potential workforce which eventually lead to an increase in seasonal unemployment. The seasonal fluctuation of capacity use in tourism industry brings also a local shift of working area. Several countries reported efforts to prolong the high season by creating new artisanal products in order to attract more tourists in the whole year. This would solve the problem of seasonality employment as well as help to increase the investment yield. Furthermore in the Mauritian context, seasonality in tourist arrivals is also presented and hence this creates an imbalance of employment in the tourism industry where many people will be unemployed during this period. Usually the hottest months of the year are January and December where many foreigners come in Mauritius to spend Christmas and New Year in the summer season while other peaks are in the months of March and August where most of the European spends their holidays in Mauritius. However in June, the winter month in Mauritius and February, the cyclone prone month the country experienced a decreased in its tourist’s arrivals. According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), there has been an increased in international tourist arrivals by 4 percent between the month of January and August 2012 compared with the year in 2011. Furthermore, total expenditure on tourism has also increased and most of the rise in spending was from travellers from developing countries suc h as China, and Indonesia. This generates more employment opportunities in the tourism industry. 2.4 The relationship between Tourism and Employment As tourism is a service industry it has powerful effect on those areas which has surplus of labour because skilled and productive human resources are very important for this sector. Tourism, due to its manpower intensive production by nature, is an industry creating an enormous opportunity of employment facilities. It has a great impact on local population employment. Thus there is a positive relationship between the growth of tourism and the increasing employment benefits. This also helps in reducing the poverty rate. A large number of professional and unprofessional people are required in the field of construction, advertisement and management of infrastructural facilities of tourist centres. The proper utilization of these available human resources could be a benefit for tourism improvement and side by side further prediction of employment. Any expenditure by a tourist allows this industry directly and allows other sectors which supply input to tourism sector indirectly to boost up employment opportunities. Tourism sector is directly linked with several industries such as accommodation, transport, entertainment, travel agents, management, finance and health. Moreover, tourism construction industry provides sources for other industries such as agriculture industry and manufacture industry indirectly. Furthermore, tourism may create job opportunities not only in tourist receiving countries but also in tourist sending countries in different aspect because different service units are needed in sender countries to complete some facilities done before travel. Depending upon development in tourism sector and intensity in demand for tourism there is an increasing effect in employment. The employment in a country increases as much as tourism demands for that country. Tourism creates employment as much as the income (Holloway, 1994). In addition, if we make comparison of employment rates created by tourism based on tourist sender country and tourist receiver country, it is possible to conclude in general that the employment rate in tourist receiver country is higher. Tourism appeared to be more labour intensive and empirical studies have confirmed that the level of employment in tourism activities is quite high. 2.5 Tourism creates an abundance of employment opportunities in both the informal and formal sectors. Tourism creates three types of employment in regional and national economies.( Mathieson and Wall) Direct Employment Tourism creates enormous number of direct employment in establishment like hotels, restaurants, tourist shops, travel agencies and also in transport, handloom and handicraft industries in the country and it meets touristic needs directly. It also generates certain category of workers like interpreters, guides, tour operators and so on. Indirect Employment Those directly employed in the tourism industry creates indirect employment in certain other sectors through their demand for the commodities. It covers the employment in other industries which do not cater for touristic consumers directly but get revenue from expenditure done in touristic relations that is the other sectors which bring input for tourism sector. For example, the workers to be employed in construction work of an additional unit to increase capacity of an accommodation facility, or the employees working in a manufacturing facility, which produces the goods to be put up for sale in this facility, can be considered in indirect employment. Induced Employment It refers to further employment in economy arising from re-spending of the income which has been acquired by direct and indirect employment approaches ( Mathieson and Wall, 1982). The individuals, whose earnings and standard of living have raised due to their tourism activities, create new job opportunities spending this acquired earning in other sectors of the economy. Multiplier effect of tourism plays an essential role in the development of induced employment. Mauritius has not been able to maintain its number one position in the regional rankings as it was overtaken by the entry of the Seychelles in the year 2013 and is ranked 58th overall. The priority of the sector remains high, along with a strong national attraction for Travel Tourism (ranked 6th). The country’s tourism sector and the good infrastructural development ground were ranked 48th and 37th respectively by regional standards. Travel Tourism is one of the dominant employment creators in the earth as this industry directly engages more than 98 million people, representing over 3 percent of employment rate in the world. The sector contributes to around one in every eleven jobs in the whole world. The share of world employment in Travel Tourism is greater than that for the auto manufacturing industries and chemicals manufacturing industries combined, across each and every region of the world. In addition, the outlook for the sector is almost positive as job growth in Travel Tourism is estimated to average 1.9 percent yearly over the following next ten years, compared with 1.2 percent growth yearly forecast for total jobs in the world. In all the regions of the world except for Africa, employment in Travel Tourism is foreseen to be more promising than total employment growth while travel and tourism employment in Africa is still expected to grow by 2.3 percent yearly for the next decades and reach 2.9 percent of total employment by 2022. Empirical literature review This section provides a brief description of the relevant empirical studies on tourism and employment. The main findings have been recorded, merged and compared where appropriate to build a model for analysing the impact of tourism on employment. Finally, the relationship between tourism and employment is examined. As tourism is a mixture of sectors and it consists of a great number of small service sectors, it becomes difficult to calculate exactly the tourism’s contribution in the country’s economy. However in Albania country it has been able to determine the relationship between tourism and employment in Albania during the year 1999 to 2012 and the empirical studies show that tourism has a positive impact on employment. Time series have quarterly data and their study has been done using Engle Granger test, Johansen Co integration and the correction of error. Thus empiric results show that tourism has had a positive effect on employment and the co-integration test has given result that there is a strong relationship between the two variables in the long run period. Furthermore, in Bermuda (dix 1989) concluded that 70 % of all employment in the island is supported by tourism. However when solely the direct employment is viewed the impact of tourism on employment is undervalued. That is real impact is far greater when taking into consideration the effect on the economy of both indirect and induced employment. A lack of accurate figure for total number of people employed in either indirect or induced tourism activities makes it difficult to calculate how many people are affected even though it is possible to estimate the impact of expected tourist expenditure on direct and indirect employment(mappisammeng 1991; Booth 1988). Varley 1978 considered that the volume of indirect employment generated by tourism was dependant on the degree of linkage between the tourism sector and the other sector in the economy. In his studies in Fiji he concluded that the higher degree of integration in the economy was the higher the amount of indirect employment creat ed. Further empirical studies have been done to illustrate the impact of tourism on national economy. Thus input-output analysis approach has been done to illustrate the economic impact of tourism. However Dwyer, Forsyth and Spurr argue that this type of models has some limitation and is considered as a disadvantage to use such type of model. They revealed that these models had taken into consideration only the positive economic aspect and has overlooked the negative impacts. Therefore they suggested that Computable general Equilibrium models (CGE) is a better technique to resolve the problem of the limitation.

What is the importance of the description of Alison in the Context of t

In â€Å"The Miller’s Tale†, the poet Chaucer depicts the tale of a â€Å"hende† man and his attempt to tempt the â€Å"primerole† Alisoun to commit adultery and therefore render her husband, John a â€Å"cokewold†. The Miller’s Tale is just one story amongst a collection of greater works known collectively as â€Å"The Canterbury Tales†. The placing of this tale is significant becomes it comes directly after the Knight’s Tale revolving around nobility and chivalry and forms a direct contrast due to the fact it is bawdy, lewd and highly inappropriate. The tale is a fabliau, a versified short story designed to make you laugh; concerned usually with sexual or excretory functions. The plot often involves members of the clergy, and is usually in the form of a practical joke carried out for love or revenge and fabliaux are often viewed as a lower class genre. One of the central characters in the poem is that of Alison, a woman who is married to an older man called John the carpenter, â€Å"this carpenter hadde wedded newe a wyf†. Alison's attractions are suggested primarily by animal similes and she is described as radiant â€Å"ful brighter was the shining of hir hewe†. Alison’s beauty cannot be separated from her animation and vitality. This, with a hint of naivety, is suggested by the comparisons to "kide or calf" and (twice) to a colt. Alison is soft as a â€Å"wether's wolle† and her voice is like the swallow's. A supple, sinuous quality of her figure is suggested in the sim...

Irony in Ozymandias Essay

Shelly produces a wonderful piece of irony in Ozymandias. When looking at Ozymandias we should look at the Greek breakdown of the name. â€Å"Ozy comes from the Greek ‘ozium,’ which means to breath, or air. Mandias comes from the Greek ‘mandate,’ which means to rule,† notes Biterman in his analysis of the poem. The fact that the derivative of the great Ozymandias’s name is Ruler of Air is where the irony begins. When one looks upon what was written on the base of the statue and then to what has become of that statue and all that surrounds it one sees how ironic that name really is. It is easiest to begin from the inscription on the base of the statue as it gives us the best insight into the man it represents. ‘My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!(lines 10-11)’ This quote infers his belief that no one will ever surpass his works. One might even conclude from this that he would even challenge God himself. We then can go back and look at how Shelley described the statue. His description tells us what condition God leaves the model of this mocking fool: â€Å"Two vast and trunkless legs of stone Stand in the desert. Near them, on the sand, Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown, And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command.(lines 2-5)† The condition of the statue in itself shows that Ozymandias was not the greatest ruler there ever was. In looking at the condition of the statue and his words after you really do see the irony of the situation. All which this great king accomplished and what he once was has eroded into the sand leaving nothing but â€Å"two vast and trunkless legs of stone.† God allows only the legs and words to stand so that he might prove a point. The point Shelly tried to raise in the poem was that God will outlast all those who attempt to make a mockery of him. Shelly writes, â€Å"Tell that its sculptor well those passions read Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things, The hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed.(lines 6-8)† On this point I would have to agree with Joe Kelly in his belief that Ozymandias’s heart fed on the passions of his people. If he had nurtured his people instead of oppressing them their  passion would have been with maintaining his memory, instead of destroying it. There is a great deal of irony in Ozymandias’ shattered visage on the sand. The king who so terrified those he commanded for so long no longer has any power, yet, his face still tries to dominate all he sees. The very actions that brought to him a period of glory also brought the destruction of what he worked so vigilantly on. Once finished the reader can look back and realize how ironic the entire situation is; at one point this ruler was (or believed himself to be) the most powerful man to have ever lived, and now people look at his lifeless shrine and realize the truth. As long as this poem goes on being read Ozymandias will live on. Works Cited Biterman, Aaron J. † Analysis of Ozymandias.† Dec. 2000. 23 Mar. 2003 . Kelly, Joe. † Mighty Works in Shelley’s â€Å"Ozymandias†.† 23 Mar. 2003 < http://www.cofc.edu/~kellyj/explication.html>.

Nonprofit Jobs Training to be a Communications Director 2019

According to the Occupational Outlook Quarterly, nonprofit organizations offer over ten million nonprofit jobs. Nonprofit organization jobs offer professionals the opportunity to earn money while fighting for a cause. A variety of nonprofit jobs exist in a number of professional fields. Students who have a knack for writing and communication may have success focusing a nonprofit job search on the position of communications director. What is a Communications Director? The nonprofit job opportunity of communications director exists to heighten awareness of the organizations activities. The communications director is usually in charge of producing any agency newsletters and press releases. Calling the media to pursue coverage of the organizations events and programs is another duty of the communications director. The goal is to keep the public and donors aware of the organizations accomplishments. What does a Communications Director do on a daily basis? Nonprofit jobs in communications are comparable to public relations and writers in the business sector. Because of the nature of the work in communication nonprofit jobs, much of the day is spent in an office writing, using a computer, and talking on the phone. However, when a special event or crisis occurs, the communications director typically will go to the site as a reporter of sorts. Nonprofit organization jobs in communications thrive on observation and interviewing volunteers in order to report the latest activities of the organization to the public at large. .ue9c18ad9f580ec16b7bd7e43a8160f12 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ue9c18ad9f580ec16b7bd7e43a8160f12:active, .ue9c18ad9f580ec16b7bd7e43a8160f12:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ue9c18ad9f580ec16b7bd7e43a8160f12 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ue9c18ad9f580ec16b7bd7e43a8160f12 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ue9c18ad9f580ec16b7bd7e43a8160f12 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ue9c18ad9f580ec16b7bd7e43a8160f12:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Is a Bachelor's in Criminal Justice For YouWhat education is required to be a Communications Director? Although there is no specific educational path towards obtaining a nonprofit job in communications, most communications directors have a bachelors degree in marketing, a bachelors degree in english, or a bachelors degree in public relations. Many schools are now offering programs that focus specifically on preparing students for nonprofit jobs. Capella University offers a Master of Science in Human Services in Management of Nonprofit Agencies as well as a PhD in Human Services in Management of Nonprofit Agencies. What qualities are necessary for success as a Communications Director? Nonprofit jobs in communications call for outgoing individuals who are able to maintain a community network of support for the organization. Communications directors must also have excellent writing skills, and the ability to tell stories in an appealing manner. Finally, professionals who hold nonprofit jobs in communications must be knowledgeable about the values and opinions of the community. This knowledge is helpful in relating to the public in a way that best promotes the organization. .ub14f9df2f2f58658fdce95c3dfc0e27d { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ub14f9df2f2f58658fdce95c3dfc0e27d:active, .ub14f9df2f2f58658fdce95c3dfc0e27d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ub14f9df2f2f58658fdce95c3dfc0e27d { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ub14f9df2f2f58658fdce95c3dfc0e27d .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ub14f9df2f2f58658fdce95c3dfc0e27d .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ub14f9df2f2f58658fdce95c3dfc0e27d:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Online Management Degree Program Work for Multiple Companies or Become Self-Employed as a Management AnalystStudents interested in pursuing nonprofit organization jobs may contact Capella University for more information. College-Pages.com, the premiere education and career resource, is another valuable source of information with an extensive list of available programs and education resources. Related ArticlesNonprofit Jobs Training to be a Fundraiser at a Nonprofit OrganizationNonprofit Organization Jobs Work as a Grant Writer for a Nonprofit AgencyNonprofit Jobs Training to be a Manager of VolunteersNonprofit Jobs Training to be an Executive DirectorNonprofit Jobs Work for a Cause while Building a CareerCareer Overview College Admissions Recruiter